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Horizontal Tank Draining Time Formulas and Calculator
Fluids and Flow Engineering and Design
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Design and Engineering
Pressure Vessel Engineering and Design
Draining Time for Horizontal Tank Formulas and Calculator
Horizontal Tank Drain From Bottom
t = ( 0.166 L [ D1.5 - (D - h)1.5 ] ) / ( Cd An )
Where:
t = time to empty in seconds,D = diameter of the cylinder, ft,
L = Length, ft
h = height of liquid in the cylinder, ft,
Cd = Discharge coefficient,
0.61 for sharp-edged orifice
0.8 for short flush mounted nozzle
0.98 for rounded orifice
An = Cross-sectional area of drain opening (orifice / nozzle) based on ID of orifice / nozzle, ft2 ,
An = π/4 ( d / 12)2
References:
Reference: Section 5, Chemical & Process Plant Engineering
Standard Handbook of Engineering Calculations, 4th Edition, Tyler G. Hicks
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